How a Client Resolves a Name?

Windows Operating System Support A number of different methods for solving Computer name, such as DNS, WINS and Host name resolution process.

DNS: As previously discussed, DNS it is used to resolve host names to IP standard Microsoft Address. For more information about DNS, see what lesson back in the second theme DNS.

WINS: WINS provides a centralized database for Register a dynamic network mapping NetBIOS names. Windows operating system support maintenance WINS to provide backward compatibility.

You can resolve NetBIOS names by using:

§ Broadcast Message: Broadcast news, however, does not work well on large networks Because routers do not propagate broadcasts. All files on your computer 

§ LMHOSTS file: NetBIOS name resolution using the LMHOSTS file is a High maintenance solution, because you have to manually maintain all documents Computer.

All files on the computer 

§ Host file: Similar LMHOSTS file, you can also use a host file NetBIOS name resolution. This file is also stored locally on each machine, and it is used for the name is mapped to a fixed IP address, local network segment.

Host Name Resolution Process

When specifying an application 's host name , and use the Windows Sockets , TCP / IP to use DNS resolver cache, and when trying to resolve host names . Host file is loaded into the DNS Resolver cache. If NetBIOS is enabled by TCP / IP, TCP / IP also uses NetBIOS name resolution methods when resolving host names. 
Through the window to perform the following tasks in particular operating system to resolve the hostname order:
1. Checking whether the host name is the same as the local host name.
2. Searching the DNS resolver cache. In the DNS client resolver cache, entries from hosts file are preloaded.
3. Sending a DNS request to its configured DNS servers.
4. Searching the network using LLMNR, if it is enabled.
5. Converting the host name to a NetBIOS name and checking the local NetBIOS name cache.
6. Contacting the host’s configured WINS servers.
7. Broadcasting as many as three NetBIOS name query request messages on the subnet that isattached directly.
8. Searching the Lmhosts file.